The working principle of a mercury thermometer is based on the thermal expansion of mercury. Mercury, being a liquid metal, expands and contracts in response to changes in temperature. This property makes it ideal for accurately measuring temperature in various…
The working principle of a refrigerator is based on the process of heat transfer using a refrigeration cycle. This cycle relies on the principle of evaporation and condensation to remove heat from the inside of the refrigerator and release it…
The working principle of an inductor is based on the concept of electromagnetic induction. An inductor is a passive electrical component made up of a coil of wire that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field when electrical…
The working principle of a capacitor is based on its ability to store electrical energy in the form of an electric field. A capacitor consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. When a voltage…
The working principle of a gyroscope is based on the concept of angular momentum. A gyroscope is a device that helps measure or maintain orientation and angular velocity. It consists of a spinning wheel or rotor that is mounted so…
The working principle of an induction-type proximity sensor is based on electromagnetic induction. These sensors are widely used for detecting the presence or absence of metallic objects without making physical contact. The basic operation involves generating an electromagnetic field and…
The working principle of a solar cell is based on the photovoltaic effect, where light is converted directly into electricity. Solar cells are made from semiconductor materials, usually silicon, which have the unique ability to generate electricity when exposed to…
The working principle of an inverter is to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). This process is essential in many applications, such as solar power systems, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and electric vehicles, where DC power sources need…
The working principle of an LED (Light Emitting Diode) is based on the phenomenon of electroluminescence, where light is emitted when an electric current flows through a material. LEDs are semiconductors that produce light when electricity passes through them, making…
The working principle of an electric generator is based on electromagnetic induction, a process discovered by Michael Faraday. It involves converting mechanical energy into electrical energy by moving a conductor (such as a wire) through a magnetic field. This interaction…